Transformerless power supply 220vac to 5vdc
Caution: Very important to note that a transformerless power supply is lethal if handled carelessly. The circuit board is at main lethal potential and can give a fatal shock. So do not test or troubleshoot the circuit when connected to the mains
A transformer-less power supply is a circuit that converts high-voltage AC input ( 220 v ) to low-voltage DC at low current, without using a transformer. It is used where there is less space for a circuit.
This diagram shows how to make Transformerless Power Supply wiring. In this circuit, we use totals of one diode, two zener diodes, one fuse, two resistors, and two capacitors. First, we need to connect the diode like in our diagram, then connect the capacitor with diodes and resistors like in our diagram. Now our circuit is ready for use. If you want to know more about this circuit please stay with our video below the post.
The working principle of a transformerless power supply includes a voltage divider circuit. It converts single-phase AC voltage to desired low-voltage DC. The concept of this power supply involves voltage division, rectification, regulation, and current limit.
Circuit Diagram
Circuit Components
- 2A Fuse-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- Metal Oxide Varistor(MOV)-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- 47ohm,2W Resistor-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- 105j,400v Capacitor-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- Resistor 1M ohm-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- 5.1v,2w Zener diode-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- 1N4007 Diode-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- 1000uf,50v Capacitor -01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- 1k ohm Resistor-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
- LED,3mm-01pc [See Buy Click Amazon]
Components used to convert AC to DC power supply without Transformer:
- 2A Fuse
- Metal Oxide Varistor(MOV)
- 47ohm,2W Resistor
- 105j,400v Capacitor
- 1M ohm Resistor
- 5.1v,2w Zener diode
- 1n4007 Diode
- 1000uf,50V Capacitor
- Resistor 1kohm
- LED
A thermal Fuse or Thermal Cutoff is a Safety Device That Open Circuits Against overheating. It Detects the Heat Caused by the Over-Current Due to Short Circuits or Component Breakdown. Thermal Fuses do not Reset Themselves when the Temperature drops as a circuit breaker would. A Thermal fuse must be replaced when it fails or is Triggered. Thermal fuses only react to excessive temperature, Unlike electrical fuses or circuit breakers, not excessive Current, unless the excessive current is sufficient to cause the Thermal fuse Itself to heat up to the Trigger Temperature.
A varistor is a surge-protecting electronic component with an electrical resistance that varies with the applied voltage. It has a nonlinear, non-ohmic current–voltage characteristic that is similar to that of a diode. Unlike a diode, however, it has the same characteristic for both directions of traversing current.
Features
High voltage rating, High current rating, Bidirectional, Surge protection, Fast response time, RoHS compliant, Agency listing.
Applications
Power supplies, Power systems, Line voltage, Telecom systems, White goods/appliances.
Power Resistor Metal Film Resistor 47 Ohm Resistor 2 Watt Metal Oxide Film Leads ±5% Tolerance 2 Pin Leads.
This is a great 2W metal oxide power resistor. Metal Oxide resistors are for applications where stability under high-temperature conditions is required. Perfect for all 2W resistor applications. Especially well suited for high pulse current conditions as found in power supplies.
1uF 400V (1000nF -105J) – Polyester Film Capacitor,capacitor 105J 400V is a metalized polyester capacitor. Use polar polyester film as medium, positive temperature coefficient without polarity, high-temperature resistance, high-pressure resistance, humidity resistance, and low price. Highly reliable because of its self-healing performance
These are carbon films axially conducted through holes and can handle up to 1/4W of power at voltages up to 350V. 1/4W resistors are the most commonly used size for breadboarding.
A Zener diode is a special type of device designed to operate in the Zener breakdown region. Zener diodes act like normal p-n junction diodes under forward-biased conditions. When forward-biased voltage is applied to the zener diode it allows a large amount of electric current and blocks only a small amount of electric current.
Zener diode 5.1v,2w.Silicon planar power Zener diodes. For use in stabilizing and clipping circuits with high power ratings, Standard Zener voltage tolerance is ± 5 %.
Diodes are used to protect circuits by limiting the voltage and also transform AC into DC. Semiconductors like silicon and germanium are used to make the most of the diodes.
1N4007 is a rectifier diode, designed specifically for circuits that need to convert alternating current to direct current. It can pass currents of up to 1A and have a peak inverse voltage (PIV) rating of 1,000 V.
The capacitor is a Two-Terminal passive component having the Property of Capacitance. This Property Electrifies (charging with electricity) Capacitors with input Voltage. Capacitors Condense Electricity, Hence it is also known as a Condenser. It consists of two Electrical Conductors that are Separated by Distance. The Capacitor Stores Charge and can act like a Battery. It is necessary for filter Circuits to Minimize voltage spikes, and Smoothing changes in voltage.
A Resistor is an electrical component that controls the flow of electricity in an electrical circuit. Or we can say in this way that the material or component That is used to block the flow of current in electronic equipment is called a Resistor. And, because of the characteristic of the resistor or conductor that Prevents the flow of current through the conductor, that characteristic or religion is called resistance, where resistance Means the ability to block. The main function of a resistor is to cause a voltage drop to impede the flow of current in the circuit. In this case, the question may arise as to which circuit or which Parts need to be protected from low voltage or current flow.
Light Emitting Diode (LED) Indicator lamps are a type of LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp used to Display When a Change Occurs in an Electrical Circuit. When Something has Malfunctioned in an Electrical System, a red or Orange Light light-emitting diode Indicator Lamp may be used to alert a Worker. LED Indicator Lamps Usually consist of a single Bulb. Pilot lights and Light Emitting Diode indicator lights Indicate Lights for Machines or Instruments and they can also be built into Switches. They Provide Solutions for a Variety of Requirements and Are ideal for Highly Reliable Indications.
Frequently Asked Questions:
What is a transformerless power supply?
A transformerless power supply circuit is a solid replacement for a transformer-based power supply. A transformerless power supply converts high AC input voltage ( 120Vac,220Vac or 230Vac) to the desired output DC low voltage ( 3V or 5V or 9V or 12V or 15V) with low current output in milliamps.
What are the advantages of transformerless power supply?
Low cost,high voltage to low voltage converts
What are the disadvantages of transformerless power supply?
The desired output is DC low voltage ( 3V or 5V 9V or 12V or 15V) with low current output in milliamps.
What are the applications of transformerless power supply?
Microcontroller power supply, LED bulbs, toys, and household appliances.
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